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Left-wing terrorism: the case of the Red Brigades in Italy and the Red Army Faction in Germany
Budilová, Michaela ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Hájek, Lukáš (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the phenomenon of left-wing terrorism in Italy and West Germany, two Western democracies where terrorism has emerged more than anywhere else in Europe. Terrorist organizations, including the Red Brigades (RB) in Italy and the Red Army Faction (RAF) in West Germany, emerged in an environment of political and social conflict and radicalized protests against the state establishment. These organisations were chosen for this diploma thesis because of their prominent status, their longevity and the influence they have gained in the field of left-wing terrorism. In its comparative analysis, the thesis attempts to simultaneously interweave three different levels of analysis: the socio-political contexts of Italy and West Germany (macro-level), a focus on the two terrorist groups and their organizational dynamics (meso-level), and the ideology and motivations of the terrorists (micro-level). The aim of this thesis is to explore and gain insight into the RB and RAF organisations in terms of ideology and to describe the factors behind the rise and fall of these terrorist organisations.
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International terrorism and human rights
Gurská, Zuzana ; Šturma, Pavel (advisor) ; Bílková, Veronika (referee)
Summary: International Terrorism and Human Rights Key words: international terrorism, antiterrorist measures, human rights First part of the thesis is centered on characteristics of international terrorism, concept of human rights and three aspects of their mutual relationship: the immediate impact of terrorist attacks on human rights of their direct victims and the society as a whole and aspects linked to the states' response consisting of human rights breaches of suspects during repressive measures and curtailing the rights and freedoms of us all during preventive measures. Many states have tighten their current antiterrorist measures, introduced new ones and strengthened the powers of military and law enforcement at the expense of internationally guaranteed human rights and fundamental freedoms, argumenting with the need of neccessary trade-off between personal rights and freedoms and national security. Nevertheless, there are flexible institutes imbedded into international law that allow for realization of represive and preventive measures whithout compromising the guaranteed human rights. Secong part is devoted to these flexible institutes, namely limitation and derogation of human rights. Listed are necessary conditions of their implementation, in case of limitation of human rights the adherance to the...
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Land of freedom or land of surveillance? : right to privacy in the U.S. after 9/11
Krauzová, Tereza ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Calda, Miloš (referee)
Land of freedom or land of surveillance? Right to privacy in the U.S. after 9/11 Abstract The United States of America has been always perceived as a land of freedom. The U.S. citizens are very proud of their Constitution that became model for other constitutions in the world. The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 not only brought a change in the U.S. foreign policy as the war on terror was launched, but also influenced the domestic political development and caused creation of a complex network of security legislative. These antiterrorism measures have been criticized, as the programs arising especially from the Patriot Act are controversial, challenging the civil rights and especially the right to privacy. In 2013, Edward Snowden revealed secret spying programs of the National Security Agency. This thesis examines the discrepancies between the proclaimed freedom and the reality, in which the United States is ranked among endemic surveillance societies. Keywords: USA, Patriot Act, Snowden, NSA, surveillance, antiterrorism legislative
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International terrorism and human rights
Gurská, Zuzana ; Šturma, Pavel (advisor) ; Bílková, Veronika (referee)
Summary: International Terrorism and Human Rights Key words: international terrorism, antiterrorist measures, human rights First part of the thesis is centered on characteristics of international terrorism, concept of human rights and three aspects of their mutual relationship: the immediate impact of terrorist attacks on human rights of their direct victims and the society as a whole and aspects linked to the states' response consisting of human rights breaches of suspects during repressive measures and curtailing the rights and freedoms of us all during preventive measures. Many states have tighten their current antiterrorist measures, introduced new ones and strengthened the powers of military and law enforcement at the expense of internationally guaranteed human rights and fundamental freedoms, argumenting with the need of neccessary trade-off between personal rights and freedoms and national security. Nevertheless, there are flexible institutes imbedded into international law that allow for realization of represive and preventive measures whithout compromising the guaranteed human rights. Secong part is devoted to these flexible institutes, namely limitation and derogation of human rights. Listed are necessary conditions of their implementation, in case of limitation of human rights the adherance to the...
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The Impact of Terrorism on the U.S. Economy
Kupsová, Petra ; Neumann, Pavel (advisor) ; Antal, Jarolím (referee)
This bachelor paper evaluates the impact of terrorism on the U.S. economy. In the theoretical part the term terrorism is explained as well as its possible implications. In the next part different types of counter-terrorist measures are characterized together with their costs. In the practical part immediate damage caused by the terrorist attacks of September 11th 2001 is evaluated as well as the general macroeconomic consequences of terrorist attacks. Specific costs are demonstrated on the example of U.S.A.
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